What are the parts of the excavator breaker? | Huilian Guide

What are the parts of the excavator breaker?

Excavator breakers, also known as hydraulic breakers or rock breakers, are powerful attachments used for demolition and excavation. Understanding their components is crucial for maintenance, troubleshooting, and efficient operation. Here's a breakdown of the key parts and answers to common questions:

1. What are the main components of an excavator breaker?

An excavator breaker consists of several essential parts:

* **Tool (Moil Point/Chisel):** The working end of the breaker that directly impacts the material. Different tool shapes are available for various applications.

* **Cylinder:** Houses the piston and controls its movement using hydraulic pressure.

* **Piston:** A heavy metal component that reciprocates within the cylinder, delivering the impact force to the tool.

* **Control Valve:** Regulates the flow of hydraulic oil to the cylinder, controlling the breaker's frequency and power.

* **Tie Rods/Through Bolts:** Securely hold the breaker's components together, ensuring structural integrity.

* **Accumulator:** Stores hydraulic pressure to assist in the breaker's operation and reduce pressure fluctuations.

* **Front Head:** The lower part of the breaker that guides the tool and provides stability.

* **Back Head:** The upper part of the breaker connecting to the excavator boom.

* **Hoses:** Connect the breaker to the excavator's hydraulic system.

2. What is the purpose of the accumulator in an excavator breaker?

The accumulator in an excavator breaker plays a vital role in its performance. It serves two primary functions:

* **Energy Storage:** It stores hydraulic energy under pressure, providing an extra boost to the piston's impact force when needed. This enhances the breaker's overall power.

* **Pressure Regulation:** It helps to dampen pressure fluctuations in the hydraulic system, preventing damage to the breaker and excavator.

3. How often should I replace the tool (moil point/chisel) on my excavator breaker?

The lifespan of an excavator breaker tool depends heavily on the application, material being broken, and operator technique. However, there are some general guidelines:

* **Regular Inspection:** Inspect the tool daily for signs of wear, such as cracks, deformation, or excessive blunting.

* **Sharpening:** Sharpen the tool regularly to maintain its effectiveness. A dull tool puts unnecessary stress on the breaker.

* **Replacement:** Replace the tool when it is significantly worn, cracked, or deformed. Using a damaged tool can lead to breaker failure.

In general, a tool might need replacement every few weeks to months, depending on usage intensity. A visual inspection will provide the best indication of its condition.

4. What is the function of the control valve in an excavator breaker?

The control valve is the brain of the excavator breaker. Its primary functions include:

* **Hydraulic Oil Regulation:** It controls the flow of hydraulic oil from the excavator's hydraulic system to the breaker's cylinder.

* **Frequency Control:** By regulating the oil flow, it determines the breaker's impact frequency (blows per minute).

* **Power Adjustment:** Some control valves allow for adjustable power settings, enabling the operator to match the breaker's force to the material being broken.

5. What are the tie rods/through bolts for and why are they important?

Tie rods, also known as through bolts, are critical structural components of an excavator breaker. They perform the following functions:

* **Component Security:** They hold all the breaker's components together tightly, preventing them from separating under the immense impact forces.

* **Structural Integrity:** They ensure the overall structural integrity of the breaker, maintaining its shape and preventing deformation.

Regularly check the tie rods for proper torque. Loose tie rods can lead to breaker failure and potential safety hazards. Tightening them to the manufacturer's specifications is essential for safe and efficient operation.